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| Authors
and Contributors this page:
T.F.
Mills |
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Page
created 1 September 2000. Corrected and updated
15.11.2004
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Chronology
(except battles, which see below)
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1980-1988 |
Kuwait
supported Iraq
financially in its war with Iran |
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1990.02.27 |
Saddam
Hussein denounced Gulf states for their low oil price conspiracy which
rendered it impossible for Iraq to repay its Iran war debts |
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1990.07 |
in
nationwide speech, Hussein threatened force against Arab oil-producing
nations that produced over OPEC quotas (i.e. Kuwait), and accused
Kuwait of slant-drilling
into Iraq |
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1990.07.25 |
April
Glaspie, US Ambassador to Iraq, told Hussein that the US had "no
opinion on the Arab-Arab conflicts" like the Kuwait border dispute,
and Hussein understood this to mean US non-involvement should Iraq
pursue military resolution of conflict |
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1990.08.02 |
Iraq
invaded Kuwait;
UN Security Council called for a full withdrawal |
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1990.08.06 |
UN
imposed economic sanctions on Iraq; US orders deployment of forces
in "Operation Desert Shield" to protect Saudi Arabia from
possible Iraq aggression after concocting false images of the Iraqi
threat |
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1990.11.08 |
Bush
orders additional troop deployments to give offensive capability |
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1990.11.29 |
UN
ordered Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait by 15 Jan. 1991 (SC Resolution
678) |
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1991.01.12 |
US Congress
votes to permit US offensive against Iraq |
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1991.01.17 |
US-led coalition forces began aerial bombardment of Iraq
("Operation Desert Storm") |
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1991.01.18 |
Iraq
launches first Scud missiles at Israel and Saudi Arabia |
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1991.01.19 |
US
negotiates Israeli non-involvement in war lest it unravel Arab coalition |
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1991.02.22 |
Bush
sets 24-hour deadline for Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait |
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1991.02.24 |
US-led
ground invasion of Iraq and Kuwait
began |
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1991.02.25 |
Iraq
begins withdrawal from Kuwait |
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1991.02.27 |
Kuwait
liberated; coalition forces cease hostilities |
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1991.02.28 |
ceasefire
ended Persian Gulf War |
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1991.03.03 |
Iraq
accepted terms of preliminary cease-fire |
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1991.03-04 |
Iraq
suppressed Shiite uprisings in the south and Kurdish
uprisings in the north, with an exodus of 2.5 million refugees |
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1991.04.06 |
Iraq
accepted UNSC Resolution 687 requiring destruction of weapons of mass
destruction and monitoring by UNSCOM |
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1991.04.10 |
UN
established safe haven (US-UK enforced "no-fly zone") for
Kurds in northern Iraq, ordering Iraq to cease military operations
in that region; small scale US and British air strikes against Iraqi
radar and other military sites continued daily until 2003 |
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1992.08.26 |
no-fly
zone established in southern Iraq and patrolled by British, French
and US aircraft |
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1993.06.27 |
US
forces fired Cruise missiles at an Iraqi intelligence building in
Baghdad, in response to attempted assassination of former President
George Bush in Kuwait in April, beginning a pattern of diplomatic
failures leading to the second
US war against Iraq |
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After liberating Kuwait from Iraqi
occupation and crushing fleeing Iraqi forces, the US declared a
cease-fire which left most of the Iraq infrastructure intact. Some
American factions felt the US should have pursued the war until
the Saddam Hussein government was overthrown, but this was neither
the stated US purpose nor the UN mandate. The US had called for
popular uprisings against the Baghdad government, but these were
crushed for lack of US support. The US belatedly responded to international
pressure and established air-patrolled safe havens in northern Iraq
for the Kurds and southern Iraq for the Shi'ites. The primary cease-fire
resolution (3 Mar. 1991) required Iraq to end its programs for weapons-of-mass-destruction
(WMD), recognize Kuwait, account for missing Kuwaitis, return Kuwaiti
property, and end support for international terrorism. For twelve
years Saddam Hussein continued to defy UN resolutions and arms inspections,
leading the US government of George W. Bush to renew
war against Iraq in 2003.
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peak forces
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total forces
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total dead
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KIA
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NCD
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civilian dead
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WIA
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PW-MIA
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Britain |
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United
States |
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France |
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Kuwait |
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subtotal |
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Iraq |
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3,500
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TOTAL |
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| United Kingdom and Allies: |
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Gen. Norman Schwartzkopf |
Commander-in-Chief, Army Central Command
& coalition forces |
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Air Chief Marshal Sir Patrick Hine |
Commander, British Forces |
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Gen. Peter de la Billiere |
GOC, British Land Forces |
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Gen. Michel Roquejeoffre |
Commander, French Forces |
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| Iraq: |
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| Date |
Battles
(Battle Honours are shown in bold
face) |
Regiments
(regts with emblazoned Honours shown in bold;
non-honoured in italics) |
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Note: Battle Honours
were approved 24 Feb. 1993 and awarded to regiments 19 Oct. 1993.
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| 1991
Feb. |
Wadi
al Batin |
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1991
Jan. 20-
1991 Feb. 28 |
Western
Iraq |
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| 1991
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| Kuwait |
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| (clasp to CSM) |
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| 1991
Feb. 24-28 |
| Gulf
1991 |
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| (clasp to CSM:
"Gulf") |
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Societies,
Forums & Re-Enactors
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- General History
-
Chronology
- British Participation
- Canadian Participation
- Australian Participation
- Gulf
War, by Ted Harris (Digger History)
- Arab States Participation
- The Aftermath, 1991-2001
- Web Catalogues
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